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alcohol any of a class of volatile organic compounds derived from hydrocarbons in which one or more hydroxyl groups replace one or more hydrogen atoms of the parent hydrocarbon. [1/3 definitions]
aldehyde in chemistry, any of a group of organic compounds, such as formaldehyde, the molecule of which contains a terminal carbon atom bound separately to a hydrogen and an oxygen atom.
-amine containing the amino group, which has one atom of nitrogen and two of hydrogen.
amine any of a group of ammonia derivatives in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic groups containing hydrogen and carbon.
amino of, relating to, or containing an amine or other chemical substance formed by anitrogen-hydrogen group in combination with nonacidic organic compounds.
ammonia the pungent gas formed from the chemical combination of nitrogen and hydrogen, used esp. in refrigeration and in making fertilizers. [1/2 definitions]
ammonium the ion resulting from the chemical combination of ammonia and a hydrogen ion.
antihydrogen the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen.
benzene ring the graphic representation of the benzene molecule or its derivatives as a hexagon with a carbon atom at each of its six points, and with attached atoms of hydrogen or other elements.
big bang theory the theory that the universe originated at a fixed point billions of years ago in a cosmic explosion of a mass of hydrogen atoms, and that it has been expanding ever since. (Cf. steady state theory.)
bitartrate an acid tartrate having only one of the two acidic hydrogen atoms of tartaric acid.
carbohydrate any of a class of organic compounds including sugars, starches, and celluloses that are formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that are important in plants and necessary to animal and human nutrition. [2 definitions]
carboxyl a chemical group containing one atom of carbon, two of oxygen, and one of hydrogen, present in many organic acids.
chelate in chemistry, of or designating a ring compound that has one or more hydrogen bonds. [2/7 definitions]
chemistry the science that studies the structures, functions, transformations, and interactions of basic elements, as, for example, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and sodium, as well as complex substances that combine basic elements. [1/4 definitions]
chromosphere a layer of gas, mostly hydrogen, that surrounds a star, esp. the sun, above the photosphere and below the corona.
dehydrogenase an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen atoms from a molecule.
dehydrogenate to remove hydrogen from (a chemical compound).
deuterium an isotope of hydrogen that has one proton and one neutron in each nucleus; heavy hydrogen. (Cf. protium, tritium.)
dibasic designating an acid having two replaceable hydrogen atoms. [1/2 definitions]
ether a very volatile, flammable liquid compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen, used as a solvent and formerly as an anesthetic. [1/4 definitions]