| denote |
to be a mark or sign of. |
| depreciate |
to lower the cost or value of, especially of property for tax purposes, or of money. |
| dignitary |
one who holds a high office or rank. |
| exemplary |
deserving to be imitated or followed; highly commendable. |
| gnarl |
to knot or twist. |
| indigent |
without financial means to live; needy; poor. |
| nonchalance |
cool confidence and unconcern; casual indifference. |
| paraphernalia |
(used with a singular or plural verb) furnishings or equipment, especially that used in a particular job or activity. |
| rambunctious |
wildly or uncontrollably active; difficult to control; boisterous. |
| ratify |
to approve in an official way; confirm. |
| recalcitrant |
stubbornly disobedient; refractory. |
| reciprocity |
a mutual interchange of privileges or favors between two nations, groups, or institutions. |
| retard |
to cause (growth, development, or the like) to be slow or incomplete; stunt. |
| subsidy |
direct financial assistance provided by the government to a business, industry, educational institution, individual, or the like. |
| supplant |
to replace (someone or something) especially by dishonest or forceful means. |