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asphalt |
a sticky brown to black bituminous substance, occurring naturally or obtained as a by-product of refining petroleum and coal tar, and used for paving, roofing, and waterproofing. [1/4 definitions] |
benzene |
a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, obtained from petroleum and coal tar and used in or to make a wide variety of chemical products, such as insecticides, motor fuels, and solvents. |
bitumen |
any of various natural substances composed chiefly of hydrocarbons, or such substances distilled from petroleum and coal, used for paving and waterproofing. |
butyl alcohol |
any of four isomeric alcohols with three carbon molecules, obtained from petroleum products and used in organic synthesis or as solvents. |
carbon |
a chemical element that has six protons in each nucleus and that occurs in pure forms as diamond and graphite, or in a large variety of compounds such as carbon dioxide, carbohydrates, and petroleum hydrocarbons. (symbol: C) [1/7 definitions] |
carbon black |
any of various finely divided forms of carbon obtained from the incomplete burning of natural gas or petroleum oil, and used to make ink, pigments, and rubber, and as a filtering agent. |
cracking |
the process of breaking down heavier hydrocarbons into lighter ones by heat, pressure, or catalysts, as in distilling petroleum to make gasoline. [1/3 definitions] |
crude |
unrefined petroleum; crude oil. [1/7 definitions] |
crude oil |
petroleum that comes directly from under the ground and has not been refined. |
energy |
power or heat from sources such as the sun, wind, petroleum, natural gas, or coal that can be put to use by humans. [1/4 definitions] |
fossil fuel |
any carbon-containing fuel formed from the remains of prehistoric plants and animals. Coal, petroleum, and natural gas are examples of fossil fuels. |
fuel oil |
any oil used for fuel, esp. a liquid petroleum product. |
gasoline |
a volatile, flammable liquid of hydrocarbons, derived from petroleum and used primarily as fuel for internal-combustion engines. |
heptane |
a flammable hydrocarbon distilled from petroleum and used in products such as fuels and solvents. |
hydrogen |
a chemical element that contains one proton in each nucleus and that occurs naturally in many compounds such as water, acids, petroleum hydrocarbons, and carbohydrates, and in pure form as a highly flammable, lighter-than-air gas used in many industrial applications, such as the hydrogenation of fats and oils. (symbol: H) (Cf. deuterium, protium, tritium.) |
kerosene |
a thin liquid fuel obtained by distilling petroleum, coal shale, or the like. |
ligroin |
a flammable solvent made by distilling petroleum. |
LPG |
abbreviation of "liquefied petroleum gas." |
mineral oil |
an oil derived from petroleum, used in cosmetics and as a laxative. [2 definitions] |
naphtha |
a colorless, flammable liquid distilled from coal or petroleum and used mainly as a solvent and cleaning agent. |
naphthalene |
a white, crystalline hydrocarbon compound obtained from coal tar or petroleum and used in making moth repellents, dyes, solvents, and other products. |
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