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Comprehensive
Dictionary Suite
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lysine an amino acid, essential in the diet of humans and other animals, that is found in proteins.
messenger RNA a single-stranded molecule of ribonucleic acid that carries a code from the DNA, where it is synthesized, to the cytoplasm, where it specifies the sequence of amino acids required for protein synthesis.
methionine a sulfur-containing amino acid that is found in proteins and is essential in the diet of humans and other animals.
peptide any of various compounds composed of two or more amino acids, the carboxyl group of one acid being joined to the amino group of another.
phenylalanine an essential amino acid that is a constituent of many proteins.
polypeptide a condensation of amino acids that forms a protein molecule.
proline an nonessential amino acids that is found in proteins and collagen.
protein any of a group of complex organic compounds containing nitrogen and composed of chains of amino acids, found in all living organisms and considered essential to all animal life processes.
serine a nonessential amino acid found in many proteins.
sulfur a chemical element that has sixteen protons in each nucleus, that occurs as a pale yellow crystal, or in compounds such as sulfuric acid and the sulfur amino acids, and that has various industrial uses. (symbol: S) [1/5 definitions]
threonine an amino acid found in many proteins that is essential in the diet of humans but not essential in the diet of most animals.
transfer RNA a small, looped RNA that brings amino acids to a developing polypeptide chain. (Cf. messenger RNA.)
tryptophan an essential amino acid in animals that is a component of proteins and a precursor of serotonin and niacin.
tyrosine an amino acid found in proteins that is a precursor of certain hormones and neurotransmitters.
valine an amino acid, essential in the diet of humans and other animals, that is found in proteins.