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capacitance in an electrical capacitor, the ratio of charge on either or both of a pair of conductors to their electrical potentials. [1/2 definitions]
cephalic index the ratio of the greatest width of a human head to its greatest length, multiplied by one hundred; cranial index.
colon1 a sign (:) used to separate numbers in ratios, as in "a ratio of 1:10," and in the writing of times of day, as in "10:23 A.M.". [1/2 definitions]
compression ratio in an internal-combustion engine, the ratio of the largest to the smallest volume of a cylinder measured at the top and bottom of the piston stroke.
cosine in trigonometry, the ratio between the length of the side next to one of the acute angles in a right triangle and the length of the hypotenuse.
cotangent in trigonometry, the ratio between the side adjacent to a given acute angle in a right triangle and the opposite side.
dB abbreviation of "decibel," or "decibels," a unit indicating the level of loudness of sound, relative to a standard level, or indicating relative differences in power levels of electrical signals, equal to ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the two levels.
decibel a unit indicating the level of loudness of sound, relative to a standard level, or indicating relative differences in power levels of electrical signals, equal to ten times the common logarithm of the ratio of the two levels. (abbr.: dB)
density the ratio of mass to volume. [2/4 definitions]
efficiency of a machine or other physical system, the ratio of energy produced to energy supplied, usu. expressed as a percentage. [1/3 definitions]
exchange the price of one currency in terms of another, yielding a ratio at which money of one country can be exchanged for money of another country; exchange rate. [1/7 definitions]
exchange rate the price of one currency in terms of another, yielding a ratio at which money of one country can be exchanged for money of another country.
geometric progression a sequence of terms, such as 1, 4, 16, 64, 256, in which the ratio of each term to its predecessor is always the same.
golden section in mathematics and the fine arts, a relationship between two dimensions of a plane figure, or two segments of a line, such that the ratio of the smaller to the larger is the same as that of the larger to the sum of the two, or about .62 to 1.00.
irrational in mathematics, not capable of being expressed as a whole number or as a ratio of two whole numbers. [1/3 definitions]
load factor the ratio of the average load to the maximum load. [1/2 definitions]
Mach number (sometimes l.c.) the ratio of the speed of an object, or the flow of a fluid, to the speed that sound travels in the environment in which the object, or fluid, is moving; Mach.
magnetic moment the ratio that expresses the strength of a particular source of magnetic field. [1/2 definitions]
mechanical advantage the ratio of the output force exerted by a mechanism to the input force applied to it, used to rate the performance of a machine.
mix the ratio or proportion of elements that are combined. [1/8 definitions]
odds a ratio that expresses such a probability. [1/4 definitions]