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carbon 14 a radioactive isotope of carbon that has a half-life of about 5,700 years and whose presence in rock, fossils, and other archaeological specimens enables them to be dated.
carbonaceous of, like, containing, or yielding carbon.
carbonate to infuse or charge with carbon dioxide, as soft drinks or soda water. [1/3 definitions]
carbonated of or pertaining to water infused with carbon dioxide gas (used esp. in reference to carbonated beverages).
carbonation infusion of water with carbon dioxide gas.
carbon black any of various finely divided forms of carbon obtained from the incomplete burning of natural gas or petroleum oil, and used to make ink, pigments, and rubber, and as a filtering agent.
carbon copy a copy of a document, letter, or the like that is made by using carbon paper. [1/2 definitions]
carbon-date to determine the approximate age of (materials containing carbon, such as fossils) according to the residue of carbon 14 that is present.
carbon dating a way of approximating the age of an archaeological object by measuring the amount of carbon 14 in it.
carbon footprint the total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases produced by a single person, organization, product, or process.
carbonic of, containing, or derived from carbon with a valence of four.
carbonic acid a weak colorless unstable acid, present only in solution, formed by dissolving carbon dioxide in water.
carboniferous containing, yielding, or pertaining to carbon or coal. [1/3 definitions]
carbonize to reduce or change into carbon; char. [2 definitions]
carbonless combined form of carbon.
carbon monoxide a colorless, odorless, combustible, and very poisonous gas, produced by the incomplete combustion of material containing carbon, such as gasoline, because of insufficient air.
carbon-neutral of or pertaining to a state in which no net carbon dioxide is added to the atmosphere.
carbon paper very thin paper coated on one side with carbon or a dark waxy pigment, that is placed between two sheets of paper and produces a copy on the lower sheet of text that is written or typed on the upper.
carbonyl a metal compound containing a radical of one atom of carbon and one of oxygen, or this radical itself.
carboxyl a chemical group containing one atom of carbon, two of oxygen, and one of hydrogen, present in many organic acids.
caseharden to form a hard thin surface on (an alloy of iron) by bonding with carbon under heat. [1/2 definitions]